THE ELECTRON SCALE IS: 10^-33 CM, however the electron string can rotate intern by hinges into other particles.

Invention of  new particles (Duda-Vuyk) needed to build and transform a primordial Axion string.

The electron string (-Axion) rotate intern by restricted hinges over 90 degrees, into all other singular particles

Q-FFF Theory: see: 3-Dimensional Rigid Transformer Strings with Composite Topological Strings

https://vixra.org/pdf/2002.0074v1.pdf

and: https://vixra.org/author/leo_vuyk

Below: How strings are able to merge at close distance.

The vacuum pressure ( Casimir) seems even the origin of black hole nucleus forming compacted by the vacuum pressure !! 

In Q-FFF Theory the reducing vacuum pressure on the Big Crunch Black Hole, is reason to propose a cyclic universe.

 

Nuclear Energy Plants not needed if Ball Lightning Plants take over.

Hawking predicted already micro black holes, but not compared with ball lightning or Higgs boson knots, like Q-FFF Theory does.

see:  The alternative for Nuclear Energy Plants.
see also :  The biggest blunders of Astrophysics: 

https://bigbang-entanglement.blogspot.com/2021/12/biggest-blunders-of-astrophysic.html

Hawking described how mini black holes—the signature of which he predicted in the early 1970s—might yet be seen in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Geneva. “So I might get a Nobel Prize after all,” he added, to more laughter.
 see: https://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/magazine/stephen-hawking-celebrity-physicist-flaws?fbclid=IwAR2P01X6_fHgAZYltxwPA78sw8K-tosbe7RQyO8VSvBeLGqs4rbZ4Q_pDmM

history 1995: ISBL, "Canterbury Elementary particle architecture links ball lightning with microscopic black holes" (L. Vuyk) see: http://home.wxs.nl/~icblsec/1995.html

long living but decaying Ball Lightning in street pool, has a compound nucleus of string stuff, breaking in pieces to the ground..

Ball Lightning: The future of Free Energy out of the vacuum.

Photos and videos of interfering- and des-integrating ball lightnings.
BL, is assumed to have  a nucleus of magnetic compound photon string knot with a 3 or 4 photon knot as abase. (image below)

Ball Lightning:= DARK MATTER COMPOUND MICRO PHOTON INTERFERENCE BLACK HOLES , The future of Free Energy out of the vacuum.

Photos and videos of interfering- and des integrating ball lightnings.

BL, has a nucleus of ONE magnetic photon string knot with a 3 or 4 compound string particles as a base. ( see below)

Hypothesis:

Below: Intermitting trails of short living stringy knots made by three or four interfering electro-magnetic particle waves.

The future of our energy production out of the vacuum.

An other possible BL interference device principle.

Youtube Video ( India?) At second 34, a fierce soil cloud emerges from the pole base. ( Heated by el. charge?) At sec. 53, the ball lightning falls in pieces via the local tree to the ground 

The end: min: 1.45 the grounded BL pieces are died out.

Long living Ball Lightning nucleus splitted after fallen from the street pole

The Penrose Trapped space horizon surface acting as a vacuum particle collider creating and repelling new pairs of fermions. 

Leo Vuyk Articles for review:

https://vixra.org/author/leo_vuyk

Fulgurite is found: 18 foot long, 18 inch wide with 3 inch canal.

FULGURITE IS FOUND OF 18 FOOT LONG AND pipes of 18 INCH WIDE INCLUDING THE HOLLOW CANAL OF 3 INCH.

Also Fulgurite in the USA.
https://youtu.be/2_rWMWisl_U see 2.50 minutes.

It seems evidence for different decay times of ball lightning or better different STRINGY diameters knots. just as is observed in India street pole Ball Lightning.

below.

see: https://youtu.be/Y6oCTWDeL8c

Other example of a splitting micro comet/ ball lightning

https://youtu.be/puFBnUsqVIg

Dark Matter BALL LIGHTNING seems CREATED BY INTERFERENCE OF 3 or 4 STRING WAVES.

Fulgurite created by Lightning bullet also known as ball lightning, according to Quantum FFF theory.
see: https://vixra.org/pdf/1805.0307v1.pdf

also Fulgurite in the USA.

https://youtu.be/2_rWMWisl_U

see video: of falling splitting and decaying BL string nucleus out of a street pole. https://youtu.be/Y6oCTWDeL8c

Splitted Ball Lightning nucleus fallen on the ground firing out by decaying. The cables from the pole are broken ( left) probably by overheating by extra current.

The smoke coming from the ground is also evidence for electric currents to the ground.

From Wikipedia Leo Vuyk.

Leo Vuyk

In this edit a newly-created IP account added text giving Leo Vuyk credit for originating the hypothesis that ball lightning could be caused by miniature black holes. The ref given was "(in 1992, see patent Espacenet; reactor vessel for the purpose of maintaining, enlarging and making commercial use of a small black hole (or ball lightning))", which leads to to an abstract here. Beyond the parenthetical mention, there is no discussion in the abstract of ball lightning. (The full text is in Danish ( no: DUTCH)- not one of my languages.) The patent application, which lapsed on 1994/10/03, states "it is possible to generate a mechanical perpetuum mobile". It sounds to me like Vuyk did not actually go so far as to suggest black holes as a possible explanation for the natural phenomenon (or not) of ball lightning. If his advocate would like to replace such a statement in the article, I would like to first see the passage of the patent were this claim is made. Art Carlson (talk) 14:59, 28 October 2012 (UTC)

Sorry for my late reaction to Art Carlson's quest for more clarity on my claims,

The translation of the Dutch abstract goes like this:

Title of the invention:

The invention relates to a reactor vessel for the purpose of maintaining, enlarging and making commercial use of a small black hole (or ball lightning). An important phenomenon associated with so-called miniature black holes is Hawking radiation. This radiation consists, internally, of an outwardly directed flux of electrons and an inwardly directed flux of antiparticles, the positrons.

The purpose of the reactor vessel is to exploit the electrical power produced outside the observation horizon of the black hole by conducting the electron flux on the one hand and the positron flux on the other hand in such a way that an inexhaustible D.C. energy can be obtained and utilized. ~~Leo Vuyk~~ Leo Vuyk — Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.211.109.180 (talk) 08:58, 29 May 2013 (UTC)

My comment was based on the English abstract to which I already gave a link. Your comment does not address the problem. Art Carlson (talk) 09:34, 30 May 2013 (UTC)

YOU WROTE: It sounds to me like Vuyk did not actually go so far as to suggest black holes as a possible explanation for the natural phenomenon (or not) of ball lightning. If his advocate would like to replace such a statement in the article, I would like to first see the passage of the patent were this claim is made. I MADE THE CLAIM BY THE TITLE; "The invention relates to a reactor vessel for the purpose of maintaining, enlarging and making commercial use of a small black hole (or ball lightning). " AND OF COURSE FURTHER IN THE DUTCH TEXT. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Leo Vuyk (talk • contribs) 17:13, 30 May 2013 (UTC) SEE AT PAGE 6 AND 7 — Preceding unsigned comment added by Leo Vuyk (talk • contribs) 17:23, 30 May 2013 (UTC) The words Ball Lightning are in Dutch: "BOL BLIKSEM" ~~LEO VUYK~~

Leo - your perpetual motion engine is based on the idea of a Kugelblitz, which is not the same phenomenon as is being discussed on this page -- but translates to the same word in English. As a perpetual motion engine, it is also an impossible idea, but you might attempt to suggest it on the ball lightning (astrophysics) page.77.101.47.254 (talk) 15:49, 1 July 2013 (UTC)

Toroids etc.

Removed duplicate section and tried to create cites. Kortoso (talk) 23:36, 16 September 2013 (UTC)

A plausible explanation is completely ignored, why?

Er, there's a lot of high-powered physics speculation here, but isn't it entirely possible that "ball lightning" is not a distinct phenomenon at all? So far as I can tell, the evidence consists of a grab-bag of anecdotal reports. It's quite plausible that these are just an assortment of garbled descriptions, misinterpretations, fantasies, hoaxes, and so forth. This article more or less presumes that there is a physical phenomenon called ball lightning and then attempts to speculatively explain it. Isn't that premature? 99.249.153.25 (talk) 02:13, 12 August 2011 (UTC)

I might add that the very large number of reports of ball lightning is, paradoxically, evidence against the idea that it is a distinct phenomenon. Video recorders of all kinds are now ubiquitous. If it were that the vast majority of ball lightning reports were not false, we would have a recording of the phenomenon by now. But if we know that the vast majority of the reports are false, then it becomes more plausible that all are false. Although I guess the above wouldn't apply to claims that it is a distinct neurological phenomenon (although I regard those as fairly speculative on their own terms.) 99.249.153.25 (talk) 02:19, 12 August 2011 (UTC)

"Plausible" does not constitute proof one way or the other. It would seem (at least to me) that the article needs to treat the subject as neutrally as possible; whatever the various accounts and so forth mean or do not mean, they do exist, and the article should mention them (and any other theories on the subject) while emphasizing that no scientifically-verifiable evidence or proof of this phenonemon has been forthcoming up to the present time. That is just my opinion. - Ecjmartin (talk) 02:22, 12 August 2011 (UTC)

Dilution of the vacuum lattice by vacuum eating Black Holes, the origin of Variable lightspeed around BHs.

 Photon Transfer System through the chiral oscillating Axion Lattice space, with variable speed around black holes.  Also around large masses like the Planets see: Venus LASOF (Local A-Symmetric Oscillating Frame).

Vacuum Lensing by black holes and large masses ( containing black holes, like crashed comets ( like sunspots).see  also: https://vixra.org/author/leo_vuyk

Below: Vacuum photon trajectories with Penrose trapped surface or vacuum collision horizon.

Alcubierre space drive by new mass less black hole physics of Q-FFF Theory.

Accelerated Alcubierre drive, possible together with the NEW Massless Fermion repelling Black Hole through Casimir repelling space. ( Q-FFF Theory).
Alcubierre space drive image and article made by Sabine Hossenfelder.

see: http://backreaction.blogspot.com/2020/11/warp-drive-news-seriously.html

for: Compressed vacuum Black Hole Horizon.
see: Plasma Production out of the Vacuum by Axion String Collision around each Black Hole at the Penrose Trapped Space Surface.

https://vixra.org/pdf/2012.0205v1.pdf

 

Dual or complex comets can have different structures and weight.

Dual or complex comets can have different structures and weight.

Itakawa is a dual structured Comet.

According to Q-FFF Theory comets are based on the new physics of the Fermion repulsive interference Black Hole horizon created at the surface of the sun by a solar eruption.

see: https://scitechdaily.com/first-evidence-asteroids-can-highly-varied-internal-structure/ 

Secondly, the larger part of Itokawa has less weight that the smaller part.

Reason, if each Comet part is equipped with at least one interference black hole, the  smaller part seems to have only one Nucleus being younger, with denser frozen material around the fermion repelling nucleus than the larger part equipped with at least two nuclei. see also: 

Dual or complex comets can have different structures and weight. 

Itokawa is a dual/ multiple  structured Comet.

The Meissner effect of superconducting coils

 Principle of Electro Magnetic Space Craft Levitation-acceleration using Super Conduction (SC) Pancake coils.

Depiction of Two or Multiple coil levitation systems by Lorentz reaction force reduction using the Meissner effect of superconducting coils. The SC. Coil, is not able to absorb the magnetic field from the opposite coil or coils, reducing  the normal reaction force and creating the levitation force. ( Q-FFF Theory).

The EM levitation-acceleration system is based on the new physics Q-FFF String Model, assuming that the oscillating vacuum strings ( Axion-Higgs) is active  as counterpart in all universal forces.(Q-FFF= Quantum Function Follows Form for variable single- and compound Strings).

see: EM Space Drive, Levitation by using Helix or Pancake Coils, with reduced Lorentz reaction force by the use of Super Conduction and/or Monopole Interference of conductors. see:  https://www.academia.edu/45191664/EM_Space_Drive_Levitation_by_using_Helix_or_Pancake_Coils_with_reduced_Lorentz_reaction_force_by_the_use_of_Super_Conduction_and_or_Monopole_Interference_of_conductors

We live inside one material bubble of the super symmetric raspberry multiverse.

The contrast with current mainstream physics theory.
1: We live inside one material bubble of the super symmetric raspberry shaped multiverse, created out of one primordial String particle based Dark Matter Black Hole Big Bang (DMBHBB) with a fixed size.
The DM BH BIG Bang was the COLD explosion /splitting of BH chunks, evaporating into the oscillating vacuum, and Herbig Haro BHs growing each of the multiverse universes.
The BH Herbig Haro systems become smaller and smaller during the universal lifetime, and also the size of stars (black stars)
All DM BHs do not eat but repel propeller shaped Fermions but eat all other particles.
If all BH chunks are evaporated and found a stable Herbig Haro partner, the universe has no reason to grow in size and start to contract.
However all BHs are eating the axion vacuum Axion string lattice, elongating the local Planck length. So the variable Planck length is also the origin that early photons from far away, are more redshifted by the travel along the diluted vacuum.

2:Herbig Haro splitted equal sized BHs or bowshocks forming stars in the middle.
3;Stars implode into Dark Matter BHs. BHs create plasma out of the vacuum by the Penrose-Vuyk "Trapped Space Collider Horizon" (creating plasma tails which accelerate them to search for mergers to form larger BHs or form a dual Herbig Haro system. The base for life and complexity in the universe.
4 Comets are smaller interference BHs spawned by stars like our sun, forming ALSO plasma comet tails out of the vacuum by the Penrose Vuyk "Trapped Space particle Collider Horizon" They search by vacuum energy for equal partners forming multi nuclei comets like 67P-CG, or even small (dark) stars. see:  

https://vixra.org/pdf/2101.0131v2.pdf